2023 年第 2 期 第 18 卷

自身免疫性脑炎患儿认知功能障碍发生情况及相关因素分析

Analysis of the current situation and related factors of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis

作者：于航李琳琳倪永清

英文作者：Yu Hang Li Linlin Ni Yongqing

单位：内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科，呼和浩特010040

英文单位：Department of Pediatrics the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot 010040 Chinaconditions

关键词：自身免疫性脑炎；认知功能障碍；癫痫发作；言语障碍；起病情况

英文关键词：Autoimmuneencephalitis;Cognitivedysfunction;Epilepticseizures;Speechdisorder;Onset 

• 摘要：

• 目的 分析自身免疫性脑炎患儿认知功能障碍发生情况及相关因素。方法 选择2021年1月至2022年3月内蒙古医科大学附属医院收治的102例自身免疫性脑炎患儿作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、蒙特利尔认知评估量表中文版对患儿基本资料、认知功能障碍情况进行调查。采用描述性方法对自身免疫性脑炎患儿的认知功能障碍发生情况进行分析，同时采用多因素Logistic回归方法分析自身免疫性脑炎患儿认知功能障碍的影响因素。结果 本研究纳入的102例自身免疫性脑炎患儿的认知功能障碍总分为（21.89±3.33）分，认知功能障碍发生率为51.0%（52/102）。单因素分析结果显示，不同癫痫发作、运动障碍、言语障碍、起病情况自身免疫性脑炎患儿的认知功能障碍发生率比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，癫痫发作、言语障碍、起病亚急性、起病急性均是自身免疫性脑炎患儿发生认知功能障碍的相关因素（比值比=3.90、3.71、4.10、4.23，95%置信区间：2.02～7.54、2.04～6.74、1.87～9.01、1.84～9.73，均P＜0.001）。结论 自身免疫性脑炎患儿认知功能障碍发生率较高，发病与患儿癫痫发作、言语障碍、起病情况等因素相关。

• Objective To explore the current situation and related factors of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis. Methods  A total of 102 children with autoimmune encephalitis admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The general information questionnaire and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Chinese version were used to investigate the basic information and cognitive dysfunction of the children. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis. Results  Totally 102 children with autoimmune encephalitis were enrolled, the total score of cognitive dysfunction was (21.89±3.33), and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction was 51.0%(52/102). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of cognitive dysfunction among children with autoimmune encephalitis with different epileptic seizures, movement disorder, speech disorder, and onset conditions(all P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that epileptic seizures, speech disorder, subacute onset and acute onset were the related factors of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis(odds ratio=3.90, 3.71, 4.10, 4.23, 95% confidence interval: 2.02-7.54, 2.04-6.74, 1.87-9.01, 1.84-9.73, all P＜0.001). Conclusion  The incidence of cognitive dysfunction in children with autoimmune encephalitis is relatively high, and it is related to factors such as epileptic seizures, speech disorder, and onset conditions.