2026 年第 2 期 第 21 卷

小儿宣肺止咳颗粒联合头孢他啶治疗支气管肺炎患儿的临床研究

Clinical study on Xiao′er Xuanfei Zhike granules combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia

作者：刘盈柳祥坤徐和祥蔡建新

英文作者：Liu Ying Liu Xiangkun Xu Hexiang Cai Jianxin

单位：湖北中医药大学附属国医医院（武汉市中医医院）儿科，武汉430000

英文单位：Department of Pediatrics Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Guoyi Hospital (Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) Wuhan 430000 China

关键词：支气管肺炎；小儿宣肺止咳颗粒；头孢他啶；肺功能

英文关键词：Bronchopneumonia;Xiao′erXuanfeiZhikegranules;Ceftazidime;Pulmonaryfunction

• 摘要：

• 目的 探究小儿宣肺止咳颗粒联合头孢他啶治疗支气管肺炎患儿的临床效果。方法 选取2021年4月至2023年9月在武汉市中医医院接受治疗的126例支气管肺炎患儿，按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，各63例。对照组按照50 mg/kg给予注射用头孢他啶静脉滴注治疗，2次/d；观察组在对照组基础上加用小儿宣肺止咳颗粒治疗，5～7岁患儿1袋/次，8～11岁患儿1.5袋/次，3次/d口服，2组均连续治疗7 d。比较2组疗效、症状缓解时间、治疗前后肺功能指标、血清炎症标志物及不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组气喘缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间、发热缓解时间、肺部啰音消失时间均短于对照组［（3.3±0.5）d比（4.5±0.5）d、（4.1±0.7）d比（5.1±0.8）d、（2.1±0.4）d比（3.2±0.6）d、（4.2±0.6）d比（5.4±0.8）d］，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.001）。与治疗前相比，2组治疗后肺功能指标均升高，且观察组均高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。与治疗前相比，2组治疗后血清炎症标志物均降低，且观察组均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。对照组发生恶心呕吐1例、腹痛1例，不良反应发生率为3.2%（2/63）。观察组发生腹泻1例、恶心呕吐2例，不良反应发生率为4.8%（3/63）。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 小儿宣肺止咳颗粒联合头孢他啶治疗支气管肺炎患儿效果可靠，有助于缓解临床症状，改善肺功能，减轻炎性反应，且安全性较好。

• Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xiao′er Xuanfei Zhike granules combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia. Methods A total of 126 children with bronchopneumonia who were treated in Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2021 to September 2023 were enrolled and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method, with 63 cases in each group. The control group was given intravenous drip of ceftazidime for injection at a dose of 50 mg/kg, twice a day. On the basis of the control group′s regimen, the observation group was additionally treated with Xiao′er Xuanfei Zhike granules, 1 bag each time for children aged 5-7 years old and 1.5 bags each time for children aged 8-11 years old, taken orally three times a day. Both groups were treated continuously for 7 d. The clinical efficacy, symptom relief time, pulmonary function indexes before and after treatment, serum inflammatory markers and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). The relief times of asthma, cough, fever and disappearance time of pulmonary rales in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group ［(3.3±0.5)d vs (4.5±0.5)d, (4.1±0.7)d vs (5.1±0.8)d, (2.1±0.4)d vs (3.2±0.6)d, (4.2±0.6)d vs (5.4±0.8)d］(all P＜0.001). After treatment, the pulmonary function indexes of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). After treatment, the serum inflammatory markers of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the markers in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). In the control group, 1 case of nausea and vomiting and 1 case of abdominal pain occurred, with the incidence of adverse reactions being 3.2%(2/63). In the observation group, 1 case of diarrhea and 2 cases of nausea and vomiting occurred, with the incidence of adverse reactions being 4.8%(3/63). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion Xiao′er Xuanfei Zhike granules combined with ceftazidime has a reliable therapeutic effect in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia, which is helpful to relieve clinical symptoms, improve pulmonary function, reduce inflammatory response, and has good safety.