2026 年第 4 期 第 21 卷

维生素D联合西替利嗪治疗急性发作后维持期哮喘患儿的效果及对免疫功能的影响

Efficacy of vitamin D combined with cetirizine in the treatment of children with asthma in remission stage after acute exacerbation and its effect on immune function

作者：刘晓娟1张英谦1吴会芳1张景丽1王莹雪1康军聪1梁慧萍2

英文作者：Liu Xiaojuan1 Zhang Yingqian1 Wu Huifang1 Zhang Jingli1 Wang Yingxue1 Kang Juncong1 Liang Huiping2

单位：1河北省儿童医院呼吸三科，石家庄050031；2河北省儿童医院门诊部，石家庄050031

英文单位：1The Third Department of Respiratory Hebei Children′s Hospital Shijiazhuang 050031 China; 2Department of Outpatient Hebei Children′s Hospital Shijiazhuang 050031 China

关键词：维持期哮喘；维生素D；西替利嗪；免疫功能

英文关键词：Asthmainremissionstage;VitaminD;Cetirizine;Immunefunction

• 摘要：

• 目的 探究维生素D滴剂联合西替利嗪治疗急性发作后维持期哮喘患儿的效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法 纳入2023年1月至2024年1月河北省儿童医院收治的110例急性发作期哮喘患儿，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，各55例。急性发作后维持期在常规治疗基础上对照组给予西替利嗪口服治疗，观察组在对照组基础上给予维生素D治疗。比较2组患儿一般资料、临床疗效、免疫功能指标、肺功能相关指标、血清25-羟基维生素D3、免疫球蛋白E水平、哮喘急性发作缓解情况、治疗期间哮喘发作和就诊情况。结果 2组患儿一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。观察组总有效率高于对照组［94.6%（52/55）比72.7%（40/55）］，差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.565，P=0.002）。治疗后，2组患儿CD+4、CD+4/CD+8、第1秒用力呼气容积、用力肺活量、呼气峰流速、25-羟基维生素D3水平、儿童哮喘控制测试评分均高于治疗前，且观察组均高于对照组；CD+8、免疫球蛋白E水平均低于治疗前，且观察组均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。治疗期间，观察组患儿哮喘急性发作次数、非计划内就诊次数和住院次数均显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。结论 维生素D联合西替利嗪治疗急性发作后维持期哮喘患儿的效果显著，可提高患儿免疫功能和肺功能。

• Objective To investigate the efficacy of vitamin D drops combined with cetirizine in the treatment of children with asthma in remission stage after acute exacerbation and its effect on immune function. Methods A total of 110 children with acute exacerbation of asthma admitted to Hebei Children′s Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method, with 55 cases in each group. At remission stage after acute exacerbation, on the basis of conventional treatment, the control group was treated with oral cetirizine, while the observation group was treated with vitamin D on the basis of control group. The general data, clinical efficacy, immune function indexes, pulmonary function-related indexes, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level, immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, remission of acute asthma exacerbation and asthma attacks and medical visits during treatment were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in general data between the two groups (all P＞0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ［94.6%(52/55) vs 72.7%(40/55)］(χ2=9.565, P=0.002). After treatment, the levels of CD+4, CD+4/CD+8, forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and childhood asthma control test scores in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group; the levels of CD+8 and IgE in both groups 

  were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). During the treatment period, the frequency of acute asthma exacerbation, unscheduled visits and hospitalization in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D combined with cetirizine has a significant therapeutic effect on children with asthma in remission stage after acute exacerbation, which can improve the immune function and pulmonary function of children.