2026 年第 8 期 第 21 卷

2型气道炎症生物标志物在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中应用的研究进展

Research progress in the application of type 2 airway inflammation biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作者：聂秋丽王晶

英文作者：Nie Qiuli Wang Jing

单位：海南医科大学第二附属医院呼吸内科，海口570311

英文单位：Department of Respiratory Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570311 China

关键词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病；2型气道炎症；生物标志物；生物靶向治疗

英文关键词：Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease;Type2airwayinflammation;Biomarkers;Biologictargetedtherapy

• 摘要：

• 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是以持续性气流受限为特征的异质性疾病，患病率和死亡率随人口老龄化而上升，造成沉重的社会与经济负担。持续的气道炎症是COPD的核心病理特征，通过多种机制导致进行性肺功能下降和肺组织破坏。2型炎症相关生物标志物（外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数、呼出气一氧化氮、免疫球蛋白E）在COPD表型分型、预后评估和治疗决策中的应用价值日益凸显。本综述阐述2型气道炎症生物标志物在COPD诊疗中的研究进展，探讨其在个体化精准治疗中的临床意义。

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Its morbidity and mortality are increasing with population aging, imposing a heavy social and economic burden. Persistent airway inflammation is the core pathological feature of COPD, leading to progressive decline in lung function and destruction of lung tissue through multiple mechanisms. The application value of type 2 inflammation-related biomarkers (peripheral blood eosinophil count, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, immunoglobulin E) in COPD phenotyping, prognosis evaluation and treatment decision-making has become increasingly prominent. This review elaborates the research progress of type 2 airway inflammation biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of COPD, and explores their clinical significance in individualized precision therapy.