2026 年第 9 期 第 21 卷

糖脂代谢指标与结直肠腺瘤之间的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and colorectal adenoma

作者：陈洁1刘瑛瑛1王菲叶2王小静1王亚丹3

英文作者：Chen Jie1 Liu Yingying1 Wang Feiye2 Wang Xiaojing1 Wang Yadan3

单位：1北京市上地医院消化内科，北京100084；2北京市上地医院中医科，北京100084；3首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院消化内科，北京100038

英文单位：1Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Shangdi Hospital Beijing 100084 China; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Shangdi Hospital Beijing 100084 China; 3Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100038 China

关键词：结直肠腺瘤；糖脂代谢；病例对照研究；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇；空腹血糖

英文关键词：Colorectaladenoma;Glucoseandlipidmetabolism;Case-controlstudy;Low-densitylipoproteincholesterol;Fastingplasmaglucose

• 摘要：

• 目的 探讨结直肠腺瘤与糖脂代谢指标的相关性。方法 回顾性选取2023年11月至2025年12月于北京市上地医院消化内科行结肠镜检查的患者为研究对象。根据结肠镜及病理检查结果将患者分为病例组（175例，病理学诊断为结直肠腺瘤）和对照组（349例，病理结果未发现结直肠腺瘤、息肉及恶性肿瘤）。比较2组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、空腹血糖水平，采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨结直肠腺瘤的独立相关因素。结果 2组患者年龄、体重指数、甘油三酯、LDL-C、HDL-C、空腹血糖水平、吸烟史及饮酒史比例比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄（比值比=1.033，95%置信区间=1.010~1.057）、体重指数（比值比=1.090，95%置信区间=1.029~1.154）、甘油三酯（比值比=1.510，95%置信区间=1.200~1.899）、LDL-C（比值比=1.441，95%置信区间=1.179~1.761）、空腹血糖（比值比=1.247，95%置信区间=1.059~1.468）均是结直肠腺瘤发生的危险因素，而HDL-C（比值比=0.392，95%置信区间=0.224~0.686）为保护因素（均P＜0.05）。结论 甘油三酯升高、LDL-C升高及空腹血糖升高与结直肠腺瘤发生呈显著正相关，而HDL-C升高与结直肠腺瘤发生呈负相关，血脂及糖代谢异常可能在结直肠腺瘤发生过程中发挥重要作用。

• Objective To investigate the correlation between colorectal adenoma and glucose-lipid metabolism indicators. Methods Patients who underwent colonoscopy in the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shangdi Hospital from November 2023 to December 2025 were retrospectively enrolled as research subjects. According to colonoscopy and pathological findings, patients were divided into case group (175 cases pathologically diagnosed with colorectal adenoma) and control group (349 cases without colorectal adenoma, polyps or malignant tumors confirmed by pathology). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were compared between the two groups. Binary Logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify independent correlated factors of colorectal adenoma. Results There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, body mass index, levels of TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FPG, proportions of smoking history and drinking history (all P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio=1.033, 95% confidence interval=1.010-1.057), body mass index (odds ratio=1.090, 95% confidence interval=1.029-1.154), TG (odds ratio=1.510, 95% confidence interval=1.200-1.899), LDL-C (odds ratio=1.441, 95% confidence interval=1.179-1.761) and FPG (odds ratio=1.247, 95% confidence interval=1.059-1.468) were risk factors for the occurrence of colorectal adenoma, while HDL-C (odds ratio=0.392, 95% confidence interval=0.224-0.686) was a protective factor (all P＜0.05). Conclusion Elevated TG, LDL-C and FPG are significantly positively correlated with the incidence of colorectal adenoma, whereas elevated HDL-C is negatively correlated with colorectal adenoma. Abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism may play vital roles in the development of colorectal adenoma.